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Atma Bodha - die Erkenntnis des Selbst

Sukadev Bretz - Vedanta und Jnana Yoga

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Atma Bodha ist eine der wichtigsten Vedanta Schriften. Geschrieben von Shankaracharya vor über 1000 Jahren, ist Atma Bodha auch heute noch eine Quelle Tiefer Inspiration. Sukadev Bretz, Gründer von Yoga Vidya, kommentiert jeden Vers dieses Werkes.
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Unlock the secrets to peace and happiness with the ancient science of Vedanta. Join us on the Atma Bodha podcast as we delve into the timeless wisdom of Bhagavan Sankaracharya's Atmabodha, expertly guided by Swami Dayananda's (Arsha Vidya) commentary. Taught by learned scholar and teacher of Indian spiritual knowledge, Andre Vas. This podcast is your gateway to understanding the subtle concepts of Vedanta, perfect for beginners and advanced seekers alike. With insightful commentary, striking ...
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Atma Bodha, Verse 28: Self illumines intellect and senses like a lamp illumines objects. Awareness is ever-present as “I” in every experience, not to be produced but recognized. Unlike the lamp-object relationship, Awareness and objects have a satya–mithya relationship – Awareness manifests through forms while remaining their true nature. Atma Bodh…
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Atma Bodha text discusses the path to spiritual liberation (mumuksu) through understanding Pramana, which reveals both Ishvara (the creative force behind all forms) and Brahman (ultimate reality of sat-cit-ananda). It explains how the non-changing Brahman appears as the manifest world through maya (potential power), creating three bodies (physical,…
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Atman Bodha, Verse 58: All beings, including Brahmā and deities in higher lokas, experience only a fraction of Brahman's undivided happiness (ananda), through temporary seeker-sought resolution. Though higher lokas offer subtler pleasures, they remain limited due to avidya/adhyasa. As Kena Upanishad shows through Indra's story, moksha is unlikely i…
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Atman Bodha, Verse 60: Brahman is the substratum of everything – neither a submarine below nor zeppelin above. It's beyond all attributes (neither small/big, short/long), without birth or change, free from color/attributes/positions/name. Don't discard mithya, as wherever mithya exists, satyam is present. Even the term “Brahman” is provisional. Atm…
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Atmabodha, Verse 64: Whatever is seen or heard cannot exist apart from Brahman. Even when thinking of forms, one is thinking of Brahman, as both subject and object borrow existence from it – like dream objects borrowing from the same mind. Through knowledge, what was seen as world is recognized as non-dual existence-consciousness-limitless (sat-cit…
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The Atma Bodha outlines the path to self-realization, beginning with the concept of mumuksu - one who recognizes that worldly pursuits don't provide lasting fulfillment. The qualified seeker must possess self-mastery and specific qualities (like alignment with dharma, emotional equilibrium, and lack of judgment). The text explains that liberation (…
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Atma Bodha, Verse 17: Though all-pervading, Atma manifests clearly only in a purified buddhi (intellect), which serves as upalabdhi-sthanam (place of recognition). Atma is self-evident (svataḥ-siddha) and directly known (aparoksha-jnanam), but gets mixed up with objects evident to it. Vedanta helps separate the self-evident “I am” from what is mere…
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Atman Bodha, Verse 54: Brahman is the ultimate gain beyond which nothing more can be attained. As Awareness, it includes everything and can't be improved upon. Unlike relative happiness from temporary seeker-sought resolution, the jnani enjoys permanent resolution. Self-knowledge is knowledge of the whole, not parts, and remains unchanging unlike e…
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Atma Bodha, Verse 53: For the jivanmukta, body-mind becomes an instrument for expressing fullness rather than gaining it. Though recognized as one with Ishvara, the body-mind remains limited (alpavid, alpa–shakti). Like a wave recognizing its water-nature while maintaining devotion to the Ocean, the jivanmukta maintains alignment with Ishvara's dha…
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Atma Bodha, Verse 47: The perfect yogi sees the entire universe in their own Self through jñāna–cakṣu (eye of wisdom). Though perception remains, the jnani isn't fooled, understanding that Brahman manifests as many without undergoing any change. The many ultimately resolve into one. Atma Bodha, Verse 48: The entire universe is Atman alone, just as …
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Atma Bodha, Verse 45: Due to beginningless ignorance connected to maya's avarana–shakti, one mistakes oneself to be the three bodies. Upon moksha, jiva doesn't disappear – only jivatvam (identification with 5 koshas) ends. Like mistaking a tree-trunk for a thief at night, non-apprehension of self's formless nature leads to attributing mental states…
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Atma Bodha, Verse 41: Awareness is the truth of jnata (knower), jnanam (means of knowledge), and jneya (objects known). When saying “I am Awareness,” it must include all three, not just the knower. Like space isn't limited to a bottle, Awareness can't be limited to the knower. Moksha occurs when all three are understood as mithya, and their content…
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Atma Bodha, Verse 38: The verse outlines the method of nididhyasana (Vedantic contemplation), beginning with proper preparation: sitting in a quiet place (vivikta deśe), with controlled senses (vijitendriyaḥ) and mind free from attachments (virāgaḥ). The process starts with alternative nostril breathing or japa to calm the mind, followed by systema…
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Atma Bodha, Verse 36: The verse introduces akhaṇḍa–ānandam (undivided happiness) not as endless mental pleasure but as ananda arising out of cognitive knowledge that both the seeker and the sought are essentially mithya, having no existence without Awareness. Thus your very nature is the stuff that makes up both seeker and sought. Unlike temporary …
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Atma Bodha, Verse 35: Like space (ākāśavat), Awareness pervades everything within and without (bahiḥ antargataḥ). While space becomes unmanifest with the universe, Awareness remains all-pervasive (acyutaḥ). Being everywhere, it cannot move (acalaḥ) and remains same everywhere (sarva–samaḥ). Like space accommodating everything without contamination,…
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Atma Bodha, Verse 33: As the Self beyond mind, one is inherently free from emotional states like sorrow, attachment, hatred, and fear. The teaching emphasizes not recreating a “fearless mind” but managing it by discriminating between natural fears (īśvara–sṛṣṭi) and self-imposed burdens (jīva–sṛṣṭi). While the body-mind continues experiencing attac…
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Atma Bodha, Verse 5: For mokṣa, only vrtti-vyapti occurs (not phala-vyapti) because Awareness is already present. The mind creates akhanada-akara-vrtti (thought that removes all wrong notions about Self) without producing a mental image of Ātmā. Once this vrtti removes ignorance completely, it too dissolves – like soapnut powder settling with dirt …
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Atma Bodha, Verse 15: The five koshas (sheaths) create apparent conditioning of the pure Atma, similar to how a crystal appears colored by nearby cloth. These koshas are: annamaya (food sheath/physical body), pranamaya (vital-air sheath), manomaya (emotional mind), vijnanamaya (intellectual sheath), and anandamaya (bliss sheath). Each kosha becomes…
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Atma Bodha, Verse 13: The subtle body (sukshma-sharira) consists of five pranas, manas (mind), buddhi (intellect), and ten indriyas (sense organs). Prana manifests as five vital functions (breathing, circulation, digestion, excretion, and final breath), operating at a subtle level beyond sensory perception. The jnana-indriyas are subtle capacities …
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Atma Bodha, Verse 10: The verse explains how the limitless Self (Ātmā) appears limited through upādhi (limiting adjunct) using the space analogy: just as space appears divided by containers while remaining undivided, Awareness appears confined by body-mind while remaining unlimited. This teaching unfolds through several key points: (1) Space analog…
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Atma Bodha, Verse 9 introduces the relationship between unchanging Brahman and the changing universe through two types of material causes (upādāna-kāraṇa): vivarta (producing effect without change, like Brahman/gold) and pariṇāmi (undergoing change to produce effects, like Īśvara‘s intelligence constantly reorganizing). Brahman‘s potential power (m…
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The process of discovering the final substratum (adhiṣṭhāna) involves three progressive steps: First, understanding that an untrained mind sees projected reality (like silver on shell) while scientific observation ends at physical forms (atoms/particles), requiring śabda-pramāṇa (which comes from Īśvara and can't be contradicted) to go further; Sec…
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The world appears real (like silver appearing on mother-of-pearl) until Brahman, the non-dual substratum (adhiṣṭhānam) of all, is known. This ignorance (avidyā) leads to superimposition (adhyāsa). Using satya-mithyā inquiry, we trace reality from empirical forms through quantum physics to Īśvara (all-knowledge/power) and finally to Brahman (satyam–…
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Atma Bodha, Verse 31: The three bodies (gross, subtle, causal) are merely observable phenomena (dṛśyam) as temporary as bubbles in the ocean. True identity transcends these sheaths – one is the pure, limitless Brahman (nirmalam). When self-knowledge is gained, all questions about the five koshas become irrelevant, as one recognizes their distinctio…
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The process of gaining self-knowledge involves Drg-Drsya-Viveka (Seer-Seen discrimination). Just as eyes see bottle without becoming the bottle, and mind sees eyes without taking on eye conditions, Awareness is the ultimate Seer of the mind without becoming the mind. The mind includes manas (emotions), buddhi (decisions), citta (memory), and ahaṃkā…
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Four factors are essential for spiritual knowledge to take place effectively: (1) Adhikari – a qualified spiritual seeker with reduced binding likes-dislikes (raga–dvesha) and mental discipline (tapas); (2) Vishaya – the right subject matter, which is knowledge of the self ; (3) Prayojana – getting clear what is your gain studying the text (freedom…
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A mature spiritual seeker recognizes that security, pleasures, and ethics cannot provide permanent fulfillment, while maintaining a balanced worldview – neither disenchanted nor viewing the world as terrible. Through life experiences, they develop the humility needed for learning. This pairs with Tapas, which isn't self-punishment but gentle restra…
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Atma Bodha, Verse 2: Knowledge (bodha) is the sole direct means for liberation (mokṣa), just as fire is essential for cooking. All spiritual practices are secondary – they only prepare the mind to receive knowledge. The empirical “smallness” of the individual can only be resolved through recognition of one's true nature, not through finite actions.…
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Atma Bodha, Verse 21-22: Due to ignorance (aviveka), attributes of the three bodies (gross, subtle, causal) are superimposed on pure Atma, creating the jiva (individual). Doership and enjoyership belong to the mind (manas upadhi) but are falsely attributed to the Self, like a reflection of the moon appears to move with rippling water. The true unde…
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Atma Bodha, Verse 25: The notion “I know” arises from mixing Atma (existence-consciousness) with mind modifications. While I-sense (aham) belongs to mind and changes (I am cold, hot, bored, etc.), Atma is the unchanging presence in which all activities occur. Thoughts depend on Awareness for existence, while Awareness remains independent (satya-mit…
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Don't react, impact. Enlightenment is not merely a passive or receptive experience. It should be assertive. The Absolute is the ultimate Alpha. Resolute single-minded focus is required to be your best. When you aim for your best, you are closing in on the Ultimate best, the Absolute. The ego is not your enemy. People have egos because subconsciousl…
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The Spirituality of Defiance Potentiate your potential. Be maximal. Defiance is a path. Be resolute. The Truth is defiant. "Potentiate your potential" - this means that your potential is greater than you can conceive of. No one can fully know your potential, including you. Any idea that you or anyone has about you will always be less than the True …
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The world is about the outside in. Masters are about the inside out In physical, reality is never as good as the fantasy. In spirituality, the fantasy is never as good as the Reality. The important thing that people don't realize is that there is no external Authority. There is only an internal Authority that you are either aware of or that you are…
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External desire is not to be confused with biological impulses such as hunger, wanting to be comfortable physically (not feeling too hot or too cold), wanting to sit down to rest your tired or sore feet, feelings of thirst, etc. External desire also is not to be confused with having personal preferences in terms of what food you want to eat or what…
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The Absolute: The Ultimate Individual The Absolute is a unique singularity that is the Best in all things. I call it the Ultimate individual. When we discover ourselves more deeply, we recognize our connection with the Absolute, which makes us even more of an individual. It is the best potential for all things and yet it is so unique that it makes …
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First, what does it mean to be last? It means to put the Absolute Ultimate first. By doing this, you put the Best in everything and everyone first, and yourself last. Ironically, I consider this Selfish behavior. Everyone is naturally selfish. People may deny it since nobody wants to be seen as "selfish", but we all put who we identify with, first.…
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Liberation Defined I guess it all depends on how you define what it is to be liberated. Some on the extreme might even say that not identifying with self is liberating because then you are no longer responsible for what you do. Others might say meaninglessness is liberating because then you don't need to search for meaning anymore. I say liberation…
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It is a false perception of self that can be a failure, not Self itself. People who demean the concept of self just fail to understand it. The Ultimate individual is the Absolute, which is a singularity. Although it is One, it pervades all things. The same is true in the microcosm of being human. Through your individuality, you also can have the ex…
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No mind can be a master. Mastery is experiencing the Oneness of the Ultimate all the time. It is a lifestyle. I don't want to act like I'm evading the question, but to even understand Mastery is to understand it is not about being a master over others, but in seeing the greatness in everyone. It is a humble experience. Humility is not measured by h…
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The Definition of Reality One of the biggest deceptions ever devised was to convince people that life can end. To define life by biological sensual parameters is to underestimate reality. Only material existance, the most superficial version of life, can have the illusion of death. Death itself was created as a release from sensual prison. So that …
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Nicotine withdrawal has such wonderful deep meaning. It certainly is a conflicted state of being, whereby divisions occur within yourself. It is almost like a "civil war" in a sense. The biological cells of your body crave nicotine since they are addicted and they covet this as a source of power and pleasure. They try to send all the signals they c…
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"The 3 Levels of Samadhi The Yoga Sutras describe the way to regain Higher Consciousness. By Roger Gabriel The Yoga Sutras describe the way to regain Higher Consciousness. As you follow the Eight Limbs of Yoga, you can reach the freedom and enlightenment of Samadhi, the realization of your spiritual practices. In his illuminating text, The Yoga Sut…
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I disagree that those words are applicable today. The chain of succession was broken. In such a situation, definitely the Absolute can intervene directly. The fact is that in any succession, there is always at least one who was the first. Whoever this first was, was not in a line of succession. In fact, the Absolute can do anything it wants and ins…
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The problem with those who think everything is about love being the solution (love is very important), is that they are only seeing a fraction of what is going on. Love does not bring equanimity or discernment. The concept of order itself is a deception. Chaos/order dichotomy is a false dichotomy invented as a deception. There is only one true dich…
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The next version of psychotherapy is applied philosophy. By changing how you think and your concept of reality, it is possible to cure psychosis. However, for this step to occur, a certain baseline of independence is required. Mass psychosis is a form of mass ideological possession, which in turn can just be a code word for an external entity/entit…
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