A lifetime of insights - patient care, philosophy, history, and grappling with how evidence based medicine (EBM) should impact the practice of medicine. Find us on Twitter: @RichardLehman1 @raj_mehta
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In Season 4 of Interpreting India, we continue our exploration of the dynamic forces that will shape India's global standing. At Carnegie India, our diverse lineup of experts will host critical discussions at the intersection of technology, the economy, and international security. Join us as we navigate the complexities of geopolitical shifts and rapid technological advancements. This season promises insightful conversations and fresh perspectives on the challenges and opportunities that lie ...
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Welcome to Varta Lab, a delightful concoction of stories featuring Aakash Mehta, one of India's most obsessive storytellers on and off stage, and Navin Noronha, who is an okay person. Together they tell stories to each other from their life and welcome others to do the same. Fun times.
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India's Lunar Exploration: Past, Present, and Future with Jatan Mehta
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India's lunar exploration journey began with Chandrayaan-1, which marked a significant milestone in 2008 by becoming the first Indian mission to orbit the moon. This mission also contributed to the discovery of water ice on the moon, catalyzing renewed global interest in lunar exploration. India has since built on this success with subsequent Chand…
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The U.S.-India Partnership Under Modi and Biden with Arun K. Singh
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The Modi-Biden era is characterized by a profound deepening of ties between India and the U.S., with significant cooperation in critical and emerging technologies, enhanced defense partnerships, and strengthened diplomatic ties. Arun K. Singh discusses initiatives such as the iCET and the INDUS-X, which bolster the partnership, particularly in high…
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Europe’s China Policy with Janka Oertel
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There has been a significant transformation in Europe-China relations over the past decade, with a shift from economic optimism to cautious de-risking. While Europe has sought partnerships with China, particularly in industrial and technological sectors, there are increasing concerns about economic dependencies that may be leveraged by Beijing for …
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Understanding Drivers of China's Foreign Policy with Helena Legarda
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There are many factors that have led to China's more assertive foreign policy, especially under Xi Jinping. In this episode, Helena Legarda discusses the centralization of power within the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and how this has influenced China's strategic ambitions on the global stage. She also highlights the increasing role of the People'…
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In this special 5th-anniversary episode of Interpreting India, the Carnegie India team reflects on five years of insightful conversations that have shaped the podcast. With over 100 episodes produced, the podcast has consistently explored crucial topics influencing India and the world, from technology and geopolitics to economic policies and urban …
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Ajay Shah on Union Budget 2024: Fiscal Policy and Economic Challenges
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The episode provides an in-depth analysis of the structural challenges that led to the slowdown in private investment in India from 2011, highlighting the impact of policy uncertainty, weak rule of law, and central planning on business confidence. Ajay Shah advocates for broader policy reforms that enhance the institutional environment, making it m…
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Quentin Verspieren on a Zero Debris Approach in Space Exploration
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Space sustainability has become a critical issue with the increasing presence of space debris. In this episode, Quentin Verspieren provides insights into the ESA’s zero-debris approach and the collaborative efforts needed to achieve it. The conversation focuses on the importance of developing advanced technologies for debris mitigation and remediat…
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Raj Shukla on Modernizing India’s Armed Forces and Defense Industry
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India's quest for military modernization has been marked by significant reforms in recent years. In this episode, Raj Shukla provides insights into the progress and challenges faced in this transformation. He highlights the importance of technological integration, jointness, and civil-military fusion in strengthening India's deterrence. The convers…
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Vidyadhar Phatak on Urban Planning Challenges and Solutions in India
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India's rapid urban growth has brought to light numerous challenges, including unmanageable expansion, inadequate housing, and air pollution. Vidyadhar Phatak discusses how historical planning models and regulatory frameworks have contributed to these issues and offers insights into potential solutions. The conversation highlights the importance of…
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Madhumita Murgia on Addressing Unintended Harms of AI
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In the past two years, artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly evolved from a burgeoning technology to a transformative force, reshaping industries and everyday life. Enthralled by AI's promises and potential, the tech world and society at large have surged ahead, often without pausing to consider the technology's broader implications. In her book…
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Karl Mehta on India's Tech-Driven Future
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Karl Mehta highlights the critical role of trustworthy tech supply chains and the necessity for international collaboration among partner nations. Mehta examines the potential of India’s national AI mission and the growing space tech ecosystem, including opportunities for lower-cost payload launches and downstream activities. This episode provides …
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Poornima Dore on the Dynamics of India’s Regional Economies
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India, a continent-sized country, exhibits profound regional economic disparities, with some regions having economic outputs comparable to upper-middle-income countries, while others resemble the impoverished regions of sub-Saharan Africa. Dore discusses how these disparities affect development and the importance of focusing on regional nuances to …
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Steven Freeland on the Governance of Space Resource Activities
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In the realm of space exploration, there's a growing focus on extracting resources from celestial bodies like the Moon and asteroids. This calls for a strong governance framework to ensure responsible and sustainable practices. International laws such as the Outer Space Treaty and the Moon Agreement provide the foundation, while initiatives like th…
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Ajay Kumar on Defense Innovation in India
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The recent war in Ukraine and the Israel-Hamas conflict in the Middle East have provided valuable lessons when it comes to the nature of future military modernisation and defense innovation. While traditional warfare remains relevant, we are seeing a shift towards multi-domain operations that are more kinetic and are increasingly utilizing autonomo…
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Jabin Jacob on China’s Increased Presence in South Asia
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South Asia is a region of remarkable diversity, encompassing countries such as Sri Lanka, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, Afghanistan, and Myanmar. Typically, India has been considered the power most capable of exercising its influence in the region. Yet, in recent years, there has been another power that has laid claim to South Asia as…
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Anupam Chander on the Challenge of Regulating Free Speech Online
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One of the guiding norms that has shaped the internet over the last few decades is that of online free speech. This norm is protected in many countries by exempting online platforms and intermediaries from liability for the user-generated content published on these platforms. For example, in India, Section 79 of the IT Act of 2000 protects intermed…
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Vijay Gokhale on Crosswinds of History: India, China, and the Cold War's Hidden Game
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In this episode of Interpreting India, we delve into the often-overlooked history of India's early relationship with China. Author Vijay Gokhale former Indian Foreign Secretary, takes us back to the 1940s and 50s, exploring pivotal moments like India's quick reaction of the People's Republic of China and its involvement in the Taiwan Straits crises…
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Karthik Ganesan on the Current State of Electrical Connectivity in India
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India has seen superlative progress in electrical connectivity, achieving 96.7 percent connectivity to the grid as of 2020 from around 67 percent over a decade ago. For context, the electricity sector can be broadly split between generation, transmission, and distribution. Despite recent progress, electrical connectivity is still racked by problems…
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Izumi Nakamitsu on Exploring the Geopolitics of Technology: Insights into Military Applications of AI
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There are similarities between the UN’s efforts to pursue a disarmament strategy for nuclear weapons and the regulation of the military applications of AI. Given the multiple parallel initiatives on this issue, inputs would also have to be gathered from a range of stakeholders already working on the issue, such as the REAIM participants, the United…
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Amit Bhatt on Effective Ways to Achieve Cleaner Transportation
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With the onset of winter, severe levels of air pollution have reemerged as a concern in North India. Various factors have been put forth to explain this malaise: stubble burning in farms, vehicular pollution, and pollution due to the construction sector. But even outside of the winter months, the National Capital Region maintains poor air quality, …
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D. Shyam Babu on Caste Census and the Politics of Social Justice in India
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The last publicly available nation-wide caste census in India was conducted in 1931. Now, a state-wide caste census has become available from the government of Bihar. Even though we know the Indian state collects data on a variety of markers and indicators, whether socioeconomic or health-related, there seems to be a reluctance when it comes to col…
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Devashish Dhar on Understanding the Indian City
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One of the most visible signs of India’s economic development in the past seventy-five years has been the growth of its cities. Some of them are now among the largest on the planet, both in terms of area and population. However, Indian cities are far from perfect. They’re often not well planned, coping with problems of rapid growth and inefficient …
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Stephen Ezell on Cultivating a Robust Semiconductor Environment
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The U.S.-India initiative on Critical and Emerging Technology (iCET) was launched during the Quad Summit in Tokyo in May 2022. The purpose of the iCET was to expand partnerships in critical and emerging technologies, including semiconductors. As part of the iCET, the Semiconductor Industry Association and India Electronics and Semiconductor Associa…
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Emmanuel Lenain on the India-France Strategic Partnership and G20
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Even though India and France have had a strategic partnership for twenty-five years now, the bilateral relationship between these countries has received substantial impetus recently. The relationship spans common interests in the Indian Ocean Region and the Indo-Pacific, a robust military and defense partnership, cooperation in high-tech areas such…
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Manoj Kewalramani on How China Views the Indo-Pacific Region
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In the last decade, there has been a growing convergence of global powers in the Indo-Pacific, evident from the proliferation of multilateral initiatives in the region. It has also emerged as an arena for geopolitical competition between China and the United States. As the competition intensifies, how does China see the Indo-Pacific? How has Beijin…
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Richard and Raj discuss Palliative care
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Exploring India’s Data Protection Law with Rahul Matthan
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The past week has been momentous for those awaiting the enactment of a legal framework for data protection in India. India’s parliament passed the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023, and the law has now also received the assent of the President of India. This law has been enacted after multiple rounds of deliberations and consultations. Mul…
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Richard and Raj discuss some of the History of Statistics, and how it informs the practice of EBM today.
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Suresh Narayanan on the Role of the Private Sector in Climate Change
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The role of the private sector in facilitating the climate transition journey of our world has been much talked about recently. While many corporations, including those in the fossil fuel sectors, have started drafting out their own journeys to “net zero,” Ajay Banga, the newly appointed president of the World Bank, has also emphasized the need for…
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E21: Patients' Role in Generating Evidence
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Richard and Raj discuss how patients can be involved in the process of generating evidence, from determining patient centered outcomes to prioritizing types and goals of research.
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Sameer Lalwani on India-U.S. Defense-Industrial Cooperation
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Defense cooperation is central to the India-U.S. partnership, and it has served as a key enabler for stronger collaboration at the multilateral level. While defense ties between the two countries have gone from strength to strength over the last two decades, defense-industrial cooperation has notably failed to take off thus far. However, of late, t…
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Rahul Verma on the Debate on Democratic Backsliding in India
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In recent years, international indices and rankings such as the Democracy Index and the V-Dem Index have downgraded India’s democracy. Although there are significant differences in the degrees of downgrading, most major indices suggest that Indian democracy is backsliding. Meanwhile, India is witnessing an increase in voter turnout, and people cont…
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Richard & Raj discuss decision making in EBM, and the tipping points that change clinical practice.
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Vaidehi Tandel and Sahil Gandhi on How Real Estate Sector Reforms Have Impacted Housing Prices
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The Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act was introduced in 2016 to protect consumers who had invested in residential real estate projects from malpractices by real estate developers. After the law was passed, most states established real estate regulatory authorities to register and oversee the conduct of real estate developers. What change…
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Richard & Raj discuss Overdiagnosis, starting with the difficulty of defining the term to the practical challenges in every day clinical practice. Links on Overdiagnosis: https://www.bmj.com/content/344/bmj.e3502 https://academic.oup.com/jnci/article/102/9/605/894608
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Arun K. Singh on the iCET and India-U.S. Relations
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The iCET was launched on the sidelines of the Quad Summit in Tokyo in May 2022. Both U.S. President Biden and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi welcomed the launch of this initiative, which was to be spearheaded by the National Security Councils of the two countries to expand partnership in critical and emerging technologies. Is the iCET more tha…
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References: 1. Wilson JM, Jungner YG. [Principles and practice of mass screening for disease]. Bol Oficina Sanit Panam. 1968;65(4):281-393. 2. Mant D, Fowler G. Mass screening: theory and ethics. BMJ. 1990;300(6729):916-918. doi:10.1136/bmj.300.6729.916 Discussion Timestamps: 0:15 Population Health and Screening History 6:44 Population Health Math …
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Shirin Rai on Gender Parity in the Indian Parliament
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The 17th Lok Sabha has seventy-eight women MPs, the highest since independence. Has the increase in women’s participation been meaningful? What narratives of equality and citizenship have framed the issue of electoral representation? Do women MPs carry the burden of shifting welfare policy in a gender-sensitive direction? In this episode of Interpr…
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Richard and Raj discuss the potential future role of AI in EBM and medicine
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Varad Pande on India's Climate Finance and Technology Strategy
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Climate finance and technology is one of India’s priorities as part of its ongoing G20 presidency. Financing the climate transition of developing countries and the Global South is a complex but critical issue, as is the development, transfer, and sharing of critical climate technologies. What should India’s climate finance and technology strategy b…
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E16: James Mccormack on Applying Evidence and the "One Agent at a Time" approach
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James Mccormack, from https://therapeuticseducation.org/ , discusses personalized, one-agent-at-a-time approach to medication management. He also has helped to create several decision based websites: Overall CVD cvdcalculator.com Heart failure https://hfmedchoice.com/ Diabetes https://decisionaid.ca/diabetes/…
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The Last Episode.. w/ Just Us | Edition #5
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Welcome to Varta Lab! This week on Varta Lab, Aakash & Navin are here with a rather sad announcement. Stay tuned, as there’s a lot to be conversed.Por IVM Podcasts
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Radhicka Kapoor on Labor-Intensive Manufacturing in India
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India’s development has not been uniform and has leapfrogged from agriculture to services, skipping over a manufacturing phase. However, the agriculture and services sectors typically do not create enough productive jobs for those at the bottom of the education and skills ladder. Thus, there is a need for labor-intensive manufacturing to absorb tho…
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Brawl With Monkeys & 'MAUUT' Experience w/ Urjita Wani
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Welcome to Varta Lab! This week on Varta Lab, Aakash & Navin are joined by fellow stand-up comedian and host of the ‘Has It Aged Well?’ Podcast - Urjita Wani!Por IVM Podcasts
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Richard and Raj discuss the history of Hypertension and how it lead up to modern day challenges of managing high blood pressure.
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Rowdy Moments At Comedy Shows And More w/ Noel Cordeiro
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Welcome to Varta Lab! This week on Varta Lab, Aakash & Navin are joined by fellow comedian and host of the Radical Measures Podcast - Noel Cordeiro! In the episode, they talked about : - Why his RMP co-host & fellow comedian Gaurav Pawar is funny literally ‘everywhere’ - Gaurav at open-mics & the ‘g***d mara’ story - When the client doesn’t underst…
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Fishing Ya Phishing w/ Just Us | Edition #4
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Welcome to Varta Lab! This week on Varta Lab, Aakash & Navin are back w/ another edition of #JustUs! And this time their stories are from the mountains & performance stage!!!Por IVM Podcasts
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Susmita Mohanty on Developments in India's Space Sector
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Recently, there have been certain key developments in India's space sector. There are questions that need to be probed for a better understanding of the country's space sector. What does it take to set up a successful space company? What should be made of the space sector reforms unveiled three years ago? How does the recent iCET framework play out…
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The NNT
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Scams, Culture & Society Ki Dikkatein w/ Preeti Vangani
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Welcome to Varta Lab! On Varta Lab this week, Aakash & Navin are joined by poet, writer & educator, and old friend - Preeti Vangani!Por IVM Podcasts
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